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在欧洲学习欧洲竞争法

欧洲竞争法主要由欧盟框架主导:《欧盟运作条约》第101条和第102条禁止反竞争协议和滥用市场支配地位、欧盟并购条例(EC 139/2004)规范重大企业集中、第107至109条规定的国家援助规则,以及日益重要的《数字市场法》(DMA),后者为指定的看门人企业创造了事前义务。

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欧洲欧洲竞争法课程 3所大学 · 2026年更新
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欧洲竞争法主要由欧盟框架主导:《欧盟运作条约》第101条和第102条禁止反竞争协议和滥用市场支配地位、欧盟并购条例(EC 139/2004)规范重大企业集中、第107至109条规定的国家援助规则,以及日益重要的《数字市场法》(DMA),后者为指定的看门人企业创造了事前义务。欧洲竞争法项目将教义性法律分析与经济学方法论相结合,反映了欧盟委员会和法院自2000年代以来采用的以经济效应为导向的方法。来自大陆法背景的学生会发现,大多数实质性竞争规则在欧盟层面通过直接适用的条例和委员会决定运作,而非通过国家法典——这创造了一个比其他大陆法领域更为统一的法律格局。欧盟委员会、欧盟法院、各国竞争管理机构(NCAs)以及欧盟普通法院的执法活动规模庞大,使这成为一个真正活跃、智力要求高且职业前景良好的实践领域。

实际学习内容

欧洲竞争法 的核心领域

欧盟反垄断法:《欧盟运作条约》第101条卡特尔和协议分析、第102条市场支配地位和滥用评估、集体豁免,以及委员会执法程序
并购控制:欧盟并购条例申报门槛、SIEC测试、第一阶段和第二阶段审查程序,以及结构性和行为性救济措施
国家援助法:第107至109条、《一般集体豁免条例》(GBER)豁免、申报程序、追回义务,以及与产业和绿色转型政策的相互作用
数字市场监管:《数字市场法》看门人义务、平台互操作性、数据访问规则,以及竞争法与行业监管之间的相互作用
竞争经济学:市场界定、SSNIP测试、市场力量指标、竞争效应分析,以及反垄断程序中的经济证据

为什么选择欧洲学习 欧洲竞争法?

欧洲项目在这一专业方向上的独特优势

欧盟委员会是世界上最具实力的单一竞争执法机构,对影响欧盟内部市场的并购和行为拥有管辖权,无论企业总部位于何处。欧盟普通法院和欧盟法院通过具有约束力的判决解释欧盟竞争规则,直接塑造全球竞争实践。在欧洲学习竞争法,意味着将委员会的调查决定、竞争总司的指导意见和欧盟法院判例作为主要操作文件加以接触。《数字市场法》代表着欧洲竞争监管的一个全新阶段,在世界其他地方都没有同等对应物——这为理解其义务的从业者创造了即时需求。欧盟各国的竞争管理机构在《ECN+指令》框架下运作,为成员国司法管辖区之间创造了流动性和职业机会。欧盟职业资质指令为合格律师的跨境执业提供了便利。

职业发展方向

欧洲竞争法 毕业生的职业路径

欧洲律所竞争法律师助理,就并购申报策略、卡特尔调查、市场支配地位案件和DMA合规为客户提供咨询

国家竞争管理机构(NCA)或欧盟委员会竞争总司(DG COMP)的法务官,从事调查、决定起草和欧盟竞争规则执法工作

科技公司、消费品集团或金融机构的企业内部反垄断法律顾问,管理竞争合规项目并为商业团队提供咨询

智库、咨询机构或监管机构的竞争政策分析师,提供竞争执法和数字市场监管方面的经济和法律分析

薪资与职业前景

该领域毕业生的实际薪资水平

€40,000–€85,000(NCA入门级法务官或初级律师助理至高级私人执业竞争法律师;驻布鲁塞尔的欧盟机构律师遵循欧盟员工薪级标准) 典型薪资范围

如何进入该领域

项目和雇主实际需要什么

竞争法项目主要为要求持有第一法律学位的LLM项目。一些跨学科项目接受经济学毕业生,反映了该领域的经济学维度——申请前请核实该项目是否接受非法律背景。竞争法是商法专业方向中技术要求最高的领域之一:申请者应展示至少对欧盟竞争规则基本结构的熟悉程度,并最好在个人陈述中提及对某个重大案例或政策辩论的接触经历。位于布鲁塞尔或拥有重要竞争管理机构存在的城市的项目,能提供进入机构职业路径的最直接渠道。企业内部岗位通常从律所招聘;NCA和委员会岗位有其自己的竞争性申请流程。出庭辩护所需的律师资格考试要求因国而异——请核实你计划执业所在司法管辖区的国家执照要求。

涵盖 欧洲竞争法 的项目

来自经过认证的欧洲院校、专业内容丰富的项目

European and International Business Law (joint program)

Mykolas Romeris University Vilnius, Lithuania

Master's English 2 years
EU: €4,606 Per year Non-EU: €4,606
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European and International Business Law (joint program) Mykolas Romeris University

This master's program provides advanced legal training in European and international business law, focusing on company, tax, banking, labor, insolvency, and competition law. It integrates specialized topics like compliance, data protection, and intellectual property with commercial litigation and transport law. The curriculum also emphasizes economic integration within the EU, contemporary legal issues, and comparative contract law. Students enhance their professional profile with language courses in English or French, a research project, an internship, and a master's thesis. Electives allow further specialization in key legal and regulatory areas.
To apply for this master's program, applicants must hold a bachelor's degree in law with a minimum duration of three years and a GPA of at least 60% of the maximum possible. Required documents include academic transcripts, a motivational letter written without AI, proof of B2-level English proficiency, and a passport copy. English proficiency can be demonstrated through standardized tests like TOEFL, IELTS, PTE, or Duolingo, or via the university's free online test. Up to 30 students may qualify to continue their second year in France based on academic performance and motivation.
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Law

Comenius University Bratislava Bratislava, Slovakia

Master's English 2 years
EU: €4,999 Per year Non-EU: €4,999
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Law Comenius University Bratislava

This master's program in law is taught in English and provides a comprehensive education in public international law, European law, private international law, human rights, and legal ethics. It includes extensive coursework in areas such as labor law, international criminal law, and competition law. Students can tailor their studies through numerous elective and moot court options, covering subjects like corporate governance, asylum law, WTO law, and intellectual property. The program concludes with a diploma thesis and a state examination in either private or public law.
To apply for this master's program, candidates must have completed a bachelor’s or master’s degree in law and show basic knowledge of international and European law, along with English proficiency at a B2 level or higher. Admission is based on a written exam evaluating legal knowledge (50%) and English skills (50%). Required documents include a CV, motivation letter, certified degree documents, proof of English proficiency, and academic transcripts.
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European and International Energy Law

TU Berlin – Technical University of Berlin Berlin, Germany

Master's English 2 years
EU: €5,600 Per semester Non-EU: €5,600
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European and International Energy Law TU Berlin – Technical University of Berlin

This master's program provides a comprehensive legal and economic foundation for understanding the regulation and operation of energy markets at both European and international levels. Students explore the structure and principles of energy law, focusing on the EU Single Market, competition law, and international investment frameworks. Modules address regulatory economics, liberalization of energy markets, and legal frameworks governing electricity generation, network infrastructure, and energy trading. The curriculum emphasizes real-world applications through practical exercises, including contract negotiation and drafting. Topics such as climate change law, renewable energy development, and geopolitical influences are also central to the program.
This master's program requires a university degree that qualifies the applicant for professional work, along with at least one year of relevant professional experience after graduation. Due to limited availability, admission is competitive and based on academic performance, relevance of prior coursework, the quality and duration of professional experience (minimum six months), English language proficiency, and the motivation expressed in the application. As the program is taught entirely in English, applicants must provide proof of sufficient English language skills.
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