修士 in 心理学 in Europe

This master's degree focuses on developing basic applied psychology skills, preparing graduates for doctoral studies in clinical, counseling, educational, or organizational psychology, or for progressing toward a PhD in psychological research. Teaching combines traditional seminars with student presentations, experiential learning, classroom role-play, and case studies, reflecting the program's emphasis on active, skills-based learning, while an integral research training component pairs each student with a staff supervisor, often as part of a wider collaborative research team.

Core coursework includes advanced research methods and statistics and research skills and development, alongside a substantial research dissertation carried out under staff supervision and written up in the style of an academic journal article, often leading to a publication. Students then choose from a range of optional modules, including a British Psychological Society-certified module in educational testing, basic counseling and clinical skills, advanced cognitive psychology, and embodied and social cognitive neuroscience, as well as options exploring inequality and inclusion in education and the comparison of healthcare systems. Further options include psychological interventions, clinical cases in neuropsychology, current topics in psychological science, population-level perspectives on psychology and health, the use of MATLAB for studying human behavior, neurodiversity studies, the wellbeing of children and youth, and the theory of human rights, along with further options in behavior support and in identity, sexuality, and mortality.

By the end of the program, students are able to apply a range of professional skills grounded in psychological principles, use advanced analytic methods to address psychological questions through data collection and analysis, communicate psychological research to both specialist and general audiences, critically reflect on their own practice, demonstrate cultural sensitivity when working with diverse groups, apply principles of ethical research conduct, and work collaboratively toward shared goals. The program includes a psychometric assessment module that satisfies British Psychological Society certification requirements.

Applicants must hold at least an upper second class honours bachelor's degree with psychology as a major subject, or an equivalent upper second class honours higher diploma conversion course in psychology, recognized by the relevant national psychological society, with a minimum GPA of 3.4 out of 4.0. Applicants must also have completed an independent research project as part of their degree under the supervision of a staff member, and must provide a reference from a full-time tenured staff member at their degree-granting institution confirming their suitability for graduate-level training. Applicants whose first language is not English must also meet the university's general English language proficiency requirements.

This master's program explores social change through the lenses of leadership, conflict resolution, environmental sustainability, and cross-cultural psychology. Students study in Germany, Portugal, and Italy, developing expertise in transformative leadership, trauma, environmental justice, and community psychology. The curriculum includes advanced training in both qualitative and quantitative research methods and a student-organized summer school on digital transformation. A key feature is a supervised 20 ECTS internship, often in post-conflict regions like Serbia or Bosnia, focusing on psychosocial and community interventions. The program concludes with a thesis, jointly supervised by two universities.

To be eligible for this master's program, applicants need a bachelor's degree in Psychology with at least 180 ECTS credits, including a minimum of 100 ECTS in psychology-specific subjects. A C1 level of English proficiency, according to the CEFR, is required. All international applications must go through Uni-Assist for validation. Although not required, internships in psychology or related fields, along with volunteer or civic engagement, can strengthen an application by showing practical experience and social commitment. Applications are submitted entirely online, with original documents needed upon admission.

This master's program focuses on computational neuroscience, combining theoretical modeling, experimental neuroscience, and machine learning. In the first year, students gain foundational knowledge through core modules covering neural system modeling, higher brain function, neural data analysis, and machine intelligence. They also complete a programming course and receive personalized academic support to address knowledge gaps. The second year is research-focused, beginning with lab rotations in three different research labs, offering hands-on experience in both theoretical and experimental projects. In the final semester, students conduct their master’s thesis and explore advanced topics in neuroscience, culminating in an oral defense. An ethics course on brain research is also part of the curriculum. Preparatory courses in mathematics and neurobiology are available for admitted students before the program starts.

This master's program welcomes students with a strong background in mathematics and an interest in neuroscience, especially from disciplines like natural sciences, engineering, or mathematics. Applicants must hold a bachelor's degree or equivalent qualifying them for professional work, and demonstrate proficiency in English above B2 level through recognized certificates such as TOEFL (minimum iBT 88), IELTS (minimum 6.5), or equivalent. Additionally, they must have completed at least 24 ECTS in mathematics, including linear algebra, calculus or dynamical systems, and probability/statistics, with at least 6 ECTS in each area. While prior knowledge of neuroscience and programming is recommended, it is not required.

This master's program is one of the first in Europe dedicated to the psychology of creativity, personal development, and wellbeing, responding to a growing global demand for practitioners who can bridge artistic practice and psychological insight. Structured across three semesters and built around five core modules, the program combines scientific research with hands-on creative practice to explore how creativity intersects with human development, mental health, and social connection. In the first semester, students engage with two foundational modules: one examining how creativity evolves across different life stages through key psychological frameworks, and another exploring the therapeutic and transformative potential of expressive arts — including music, movement, visual arts, and storytelling — as tools for emotional wellbeing and personal growth.
The program is designed for those who want to apply creative and psychological approaches in personal, professional, and community contexts, equipping graduates to work at the intersection of the arts, mental health, and lifelong learning. It is delivered entirely in English as a one-year, full-time course.

To apply, students must hold a bachelor's degree in a relevant discipline with a strong academic result — equivalent to an upper second-class honors degree or higher. Applicants who do not hold a formal qualification but can demonstrate relevant professional or life experience may also be considered through a non-standard admissions route. All applicants must submit personal and educational information, proof of prior education, a detailed project proposal, a sample of academic or research writing, and a portfolio. Since the program is taught in English, a minimum proficiency of IELTS 6.0 (or B2 level) is required, which can be demonstrated through a recognized language certificate or a free online test offered by the institution. Above all, applicants are expected to have a genuine passion for developing their practice at the intersection of creativity and wellbeing.

This master's degree offers an interdisciplinary education in cognitive sciences, the study of mental processes that shape the behavior of both biological organisms and artificial systems. The program is designed to gradually build students into confident, independent researchers capable of synthesizing approaches, methods, and knowledge across disciplines, whether they go on to further postgraduate study or into science-based industry.

The first year opens with an intensive introductory course structured to let students complement their existing undergraduate background: alongside a shared component covering the discipline's core work and its interdisciplinary character, students choose one elective module from either an introduction to empirical research and statistical methods or an introduction to the philosophy of cognitive science, and select two elective elements from cognitive psychology, neuropsychology and cognition, comparative cognition, and the critical history of cognitive science. Students then take a broader interdisciplinary sequence covering topics such as numerical and visual cognition, judgment and reasoning, rationality, individual differences in cognition, metacognition, consciousness, theory of mind, and social cognition. Further first-year coursework builds core research competencies through empirical research methods, covering experimental and non-experimental designs, measurement theory, neuroscience methods, programming cognitive experiments, and open science tools; a dedicated statistics course using open-source software, covering linear and logistic modeling, repeated-measures and hierarchical designs, and techniques such as mediation, path analysis, and structural equation modeling; and a course on research ethics, covering ethical issues in working with research participants, data management and sharing, data protection regulation, and the use and misuse of research findings. Students also complete two short rotation projects, allowing them to plan and design early-stage research studies in different subdisciplines before settling on a topic for their thesis.

In the second year, students work closely with a chosen supervisor to design and carry out an original research project for their master's thesis, complemented by a science communication project related to their research. Additional coursework includes a journal club focused on discussing current literature, science communication training covering science writing, digital presentation, and audience-specific communication, and a professional development course covering academic and industry career paths, transferable skills, and research and data science pathways, including an industry engagement day. Students also select elective courses each semester to build technical research skills or deepen their knowledge in areas of particular interest.

Applicants must hold an undergraduate university degree, typically in cognitive science or a related discipline such as psychology, philosophy, linguistics, informatics, biology, biomedicine, or anthropology, though applications from other academic backgrounds are also welcomed. Applicants must demonstrate good spoken and written English at a minimum B2 level, assessed through a short interview rather than a formal language test. Students in their final year of undergraduate study may also apply and, if successful, receive a conditional offer pending completion of their degree. Required application materials include a completed application form, a structured motivational letter in English that includes a research proposal, a CV in English, and evidence of the applicant's undergraduate degree status; degrees from institutions outside Croatia must undergo an official recognition procedure. Shortlisted applicants are invited to an interview with three members of the teaching staff, covering a general introductory question, a question based on the applicant's research proposal, and a question on general empirical research methods.

This master's program focuses on psychological research and statistical analysis in the social sciences. Students take courses in advanced statistical methods, scale and test development, and research methodology specific to psychology. The program also includes research colloquia for presenting and discussing ongoing projects. A major component is the MA research project, which is developed progressively across four semesters. Electives provide flexibility to explore specialized topics. The curriculum emphasizes rigorous empirical training to prepare graduates for research roles or further academic study.

To be admitted to this master's program, applicants must hold a bachelor's degree from a recognized institution. For students whose native language is not English, proof of English proficiency is required through standardized tests like TOEFL, IELTS, Cambridge English, or PTE Academic. However, exemptions are possible if applicants meet specific criteria, such as completing a degree in English or studying in an English-speaking country. All test scores must be verifiable and submitted by the application deadline for the process to continue.

This master's program focuses on the psychology of global mobility, inclusion, and diversity, offering three study paths with different partner universities. Students take foundational courses in areas like cultural and community psychology, acculturation, discrimination, social identity, health, and political psychology, with electives in topics such as multiculturalism, inequality, and research methods. The curriculum integrates both theoretical and applied components through international summer schools and local electives. In the second year, all students complete an 18 ECTS internship and a 42 ECTS master’s thesis centered on inclusion and diversity in society.

To be eligible for this master's program, applicants must hold at least a 2.2 honors bachelor's degree (Level 8 or equivalent), with a minimum of 100 ECTS or equivalent experience in psychology and research methods. Those still completing their degree may apply conditionally by submitting proof of enrollment, transcripts, and a completion declaration. Before applying, candidates must fill out an eligibility check form and receive confirmation. English proficiency is required unless prior education was in English in an English-speaking country, and can be demonstrated through various accepted exams such as IELTS (minimum 6.5), TOEFL (90 iBT), or DUOLINGO (110).

This master's degree offers advanced graduate-level study in psychology, aimed at students who already hold an undergraduate degree in psychology or a related field, and is structured around two specialization tracks that shape which courses students take throughout the program. Shared coursework spans advanced psychometrics and diagnostic tool construction, advanced research methodology, statistical analysis, and the ethical application of psychology, along with psychological diagnosis through case study work, English for professional use, a supervised internship in psychological practice, and a sequence of master's seminars building toward the thesis. Students have access to professional research laboratories equipped for psychophysiological and behavioral research, including eye-tracking, electroencephalography, and electromyography equipment, and instruction places strong emphasis on applying theoretical knowledge in practice, drawing on cognitive and behavioral approaches.

The Clinical Psychology track meets recognized European standards for professional training and competence in psychology. It covers the science and practice of clinical psychology, counseling and psychotherapy, and clinical interviewing and communication skills, before progressing to child, adolescent, and adult psychopathology and its application in practice. Later coursework covers psychotherapeutic approaches spanning psychodynamic, humanistic-existential, behavioral, and cognitive-behavioral methods, developmental disabilities and behavioral disorders in children, work with adults experiencing behavioral addictions and eating disorders, clinical diagnosis in practice, and therapeutic work with families and groups.

The Business Psychology track covers applied social psychology, organizational psychology, and the psychology of technology, followed by newer developments in social psychology, cross-cultural organizational psychology, and human-technology interaction. Later coursework addresses psychological assessment tools used in human resources, organizational behavior and business analytics, an introduction to psychological interventions, applications of artificial intelligence in psychology, global mobility and inclusive team management, and interventions supporting mental health and personal development.

Across both tracks, students also choose from a set of elective courses to further tailor their studies.

Graduates of the Clinical Psychology track go on to careers in clinical psychology, psychotherapy, social work, counseling, behavior analysis, particularly around developmental disabilities, neuropsychology, educational and academic psychology, cross-cultural consultation, and life coaching. Graduates of the Business Psychology track pursue careers in areas such as diversity and inclusion, human resource management, user experience design, education, consulting, academia and research, and policy advising, as well as roles in training and development, coaching, management and leadership, communication, and public relations.

Applicants must hold an undergraduate degree in psychology or a related field of study; those with an undergraduate degree specifically in psychology receive additional points during admission. Admission is based on a ranking list compiled from a three-step process consisting of an entrance exam, an admission interview, and an assessment of the applicant's extracurricular achievements. Applicants must indicate their preferred specialization track, either Clinical Psychology or Business Psychology, as part of their application.

The program in psychology of wellbeing and social inclusivity trains students to address psychological challenges related to development, diversity, and inclusion across individual, social, and organizational contexts. It includes core topics such as developmental and social psychology, psychometrics, clinical and organizational wellbeing, and neuroscience. Students choose electives on topics like migration and cognitive styles and can engage in internships or applied projects. The second year focuses on applied neuroscience, multicultural contexts, and inclusive care systems, leading to a thesis or practical final project, with the option of international mobility.

Admission to this program requires a degree in psychological sciences and techniques, with at least 88 ECTS across all main psychological disciplines, including general, neuro-, developmental, social, clinical, psychodynamic, organizational psychology, and psychometrics—each with a minimum of 6 ECTS. International degrees in psychology must offer approximately 80 ECTS in equivalent subjects. English language proficiency at B2 level is compulsory, proven by a valid certificate or completion of a degree fully taught in English. Applicants who have not yet graduated may apply only for the second intake and must complete their degree by the end of the calendar year. EU students typically pay around €1,200/year based on family income. Non-EU students usually pay a fixed fee of about €1,400/year. Check with the university for your exact fee.

This master’s program explores the psychological and statistical foundations of decision-making in economic contexts. Students begin with courses in behavioral economics, psychology, and statistics, building skills in decision-making and research methods. Specializations are available in “Consumer and Economic Decisions” and “Work and Well-being,” focusing on modeling decision support and understanding workplace behavior. Core subjects emphasize critical thinking and analytical modeling, with applied research components. The curriculum also includes thesis work, elective courses, and a strong emphasis on practical problem-solving in behavioral economics.

Applicants must pass an in-house written admission exam (Type A), worth 60 points, which evaluates language proficiency, quantitative analytical skills, and logical reasoning abilities. In addition, candidates must take an oral examination worth 30 points. The oral exam covers professional topics based on recommended literature and also assesses the applicant’s motivation and aptitude for the program.

This program addresses the ethical dilemmas at the heart of modern healthcare, from end-of-life care and genetic screening to questions about personality change after neurological surgery, in a field that has grown increasingly important alongside rapid advances in medicine and technology. It is taken as a track within a two-year philosophy master's degree, but with a distinctive structure: students pursue it alongside a separate, health-related master's degree at the same time, graduating with two master's degrees rather than one.

The first year combines four introductory philosophy courses with a course specifically on bioethics, alongside five courses drawn from the student's companion health-related program. The introductory courses cover the history of philosophy from antiquity to the present, normative ethics (examining how people can coexist under competing ethical frameworks such as virtue ethics, utilitarianism, and Kantian ethics), and the philosophy of science, which asks what distinguishes scientific knowledge and whether objective knowledge is possible. The dedicated bioethics course examines the intersection of bioethics, technology, and law, engaging with developments such as so-called "designer babies" and the ethical and legal limits on parental control over a child's characteristics.

The second year deepens this focus with four courses tailored specifically to bioethics. One examines end-of-life issues through the lens of the doctor-patient relationship; another looks at how medical teams navigate complex ethical decisions using real clinical case studies and team-based work; a third gives students the opportunity to sit in on an actual medical ethics committee meeting as part of studying the ethics of medical research; and a fourth examines how political and cultural values shape medical decision-making in different contexts.

Practical training is a highlight of the second year. Students take part in a five-day "Winter School" at a partner university in the United Kingdom, where they present a critical analysis of scholarly papers and discuss them directly with the authors in a symposium format. This is followed by a six-week internship, which may take place at a hospital, a research center, a forensic institute, an advisory body, or a government institute; some students have gone on to receive job offers as a result of these placements. The program concludes with a master's thesis on a freely chosen bioethics topic, with past examples including the use of artificial intelligence in healthcare, the effects of deep brain stimulation on personal identity, and end-of-life decision-making.

The program is small-scale, with close contact between students and faculty, many of whom are practicing clinicians or ethicists bringing first-hand experience into their teaching. Students also interact with peers specializing in other areas, such as neuroscience or law, through shared introductory philosophy coursework, and a part-time option is available, with first-year philosophy courses scheduled in the evening where possible.

Graduates develop strong analytical, reflective, and reasoning skills, becoming adept at constructing well-supported arguments in both writing and speech, engaging productively with opposing viewpoints, and combining insights from different disciplines into a coherent whole. Career paths include combining clinical work with a role on a medical ethics committee, pursuing a PhD, working as a researcher at a policy or technology-assessment organization, serving as a clinical ethicist or advisor to healthcare organizations and insurers, or working as a policymaker within government.

Applicants must hold a bachelor's degree in medicine, health sciences, psychology, or a related field; for applicants with a non-Dutch degree, this must be equivalent to a three-year Dutch research-university bachelor's degree. Because part of the curriculum is drawn directly from a companion program, applicants must also separately qualify for and be admitted to one of three specific master's programs, in medicine, psychology, or health sciences; students who are not admitted to one of these companion programs are not able to complete or graduate from this program.

Applicants must also demonstrate English proficiency through an accepted international test: an IELTS Academic score of at least 7 overall, a TOEFL iBT score of at least 100 overall (minimum 20 per section) under the older scoring system, or at least 5.0 overall (minimum 4.5 per section) under the new scoring system used for tests taken from January 2026 onward, or a score of at least 180 on Cambridge CAE or CPE. The TOEFL ITP is not accepted. Tests must have been completed within the two years before the program starts, unless the applicant is exempt on the basis of prior education conducted fully in English within a qualifying country or through an International Baccalaureate diploma.

Applicants must submit a scanned copy of their passport, a completed application file, and proof of English proficiency, if already obtained at the time of application.

This master's degree is a comprehensive professional training program built around a scientist-practitioner model, designed to develop highly skilled, ethical, and reflective clinical psychologists. It integrates advanced academic coursework, supervised clinical training, and original research, preparing graduates for professional clinical practice while building the knowledge, skills, and professional values needed for ethical, evidence-based work with diverse populations. Students also develop the competencies required to design, conduct, and evaluate empirical research, all within small class sizes and close supervision from faculty who remain active in clinical practice and research.

The academic core covers adult and child psychopathology, two courses in advanced statistics and research methods, advanced theories and models of psychotherapy, psychopharmacology, and multicultural issues and diversity. Students then build clinical competence through coursework in assessment and clinical skills with both adults and children, clinical psychometric assessment, and psychological interventions grounded in both dynamic and cognitive-behavioral approaches, alongside coursework in professional issues and ethics in clinical psychology, group therapy, and child therapy. The program's applied training continues through a sequence of practicum seminars and supervised clinical practicum placements across public and private settings, with an additional advanced practicum available as an optional extension. Students also complete an original two-part thesis, developing and carrying out their own empirical research under supervision.

Graduates are prepared for careers as clinical psychologists across a range of public and private settings, including hospitals, mental health centers and community services, clinics and rehabilitation centers, psychiatric services, non-governmental and non-profit organizations, and private or group practice, with the option to become providers within a national healthcare system subject to professional registration requirements. The program also provides a strong foundation for further postgraduate study, including doctoral programs in clinical psychology and related fields.

Applicants must hold, or expect to complete before starting the program, a bachelor's degree in psychology from a recognized university, with a minimum GPA of 3.0, a Second-Class Upper Division Honours result under the British degree system, or a minimum grade of 7.5 under the Greek degree system. Required application materials include a complete curriculum vitae detailing academic and professional activities, three letters of recommendation attesting to the applicant's academic or clinical abilities, a supplemental application form, and a personal essay of 500 to 700 words reflecting on a significant life experience and how it has shaped the applicant's resilience and approach to helping others. Shortlisted applicants are invited to an interview with faculty and advanced students, and candidates are further evaluated on additional qualifications such as publications, relevant seminars, prior practical experience, and other postgraduate credentials in psychology.

Applicants must also demonstrate English language proficiency unless their first degree was taught in English. This can be met through an IELTS score of 6.5 or above, a TOEFL iBT score of 79 or above, a Cambridge First Certificate score of 176 or above or a Proficiency Certificate score of 180 or above, an IB English score of 4 or 5 depending on the course level, a GCSE or IGCSE grade of C or above in English as a first language (or B or above as a second language), or equivalent results on other recognized English-language qualifications. Applicants who do not hold one of these qualifications may instead take a no-cost institutional English placement test and achieve the required minimum level, which can substitute for a standardized test score.